Concepts inSharing the cost more efficiently: Improved approximation for multicommodity rent-or-buy
Flow network
In graph theory, a flow network (also known as a transportation network) is a directed graph where each edge has a capacity and each edge receives a flow. The amount of flow on an edge cannot exceed the capacity of the edge. Often in Operations Research, a directed graph is called a network, the vertices are called nodes and the edges are called arcs.
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Graph (mathematics)
In mathematics, a graph is an abstract representation of a set of objects where some pairs of the objects are connected by links. The interconnected objects are represented by mathematical abstractions called vertices, and the links that connect some pairs of vertices are called edges. Typically, a graph is depicted in diagrammatic form as a set of dots for the vertices, joined by lines or curves for the edges. Graphs are one of the objects of study in discrete mathematics.
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Analysis of algorithms
In computer science, the analysis of algorithms is the determination of the amount of resources (such as time and storage) necessary to execute them. Most algorithms are designed to work with inputs of arbitrary length. Usually the efficiency or running time of an algorithm is stated as a function relating the input length to the number of steps or storage locations (space complexity).
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Order (group theory)
In group theory, a branch of mathematics, the term order is used in two closely related senses: The order of a group is its cardinality, i.e. , the number of elements in its set. The order, sometimes period, of an element a of a group is the smallest positive integer m such that a = e (where e denotes the identity element of the group, and a denotes the product of m copies of a). If no such m exists, a is said to have infinite order. All elements of finite groups have finite order.
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Bracket
Brackets are tall punctuation marks used in matched pairs within text, to set apart or interject other text. Used unqualified, brackets refer to different types of brackets in different parts of the world and in different contexts.
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