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Concepts inThe performance of cache-coherent ring-based multiprocessors
Cache coherence
In computing, cache coherence (also cache coherency) refers to the consistency of data stored in local caches of a shared resource. In a shared memory multiprocessor with a separate cache memory for each processor, it is possible to have many copies of any one instruction operandĀ : one copy in the main memory and one in each cache memory. When one copy of an operand is changed, the other copies of the operand must be changed also.
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Ring (computer security)
In computer science, hierarchical protection domains, often called protection rings, are mechanisms to protect data and functionality from faults and malicious behaviour. This approach is diametrically opposite to that of capability-based security. Computer operating systems provide different levels of access to resources. A protection ring is one of two or more hierarchical levels or layers of privilege within the architecture of a computer system.
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Multiprocessing
Multiprocessing is the use of two or more central processing units (CPUs) within a single computer system. The term also refers to the ability of a system to support more than one processor and/or the ability to allocate tasks between them. There are many variations on this basic theme, and the definition of multiprocessing can vary with context, mostly as a function of how CPUs are defined.
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Bus sniffing
Bus sniffing or Bus snooping is a technique used in distributed shared memory systems and multiprocessors to achieve cache coherence. Although there is one main memory, there are several caches (one per processor), and unless preventative steps are taken, the same memory location may be loaded into two caches, and given two different values. To prevent this, every cache controller monitors the bus, listening for broadcasts which may cause it to invalidate its cache line.
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Shared memory
In computing, shared memory is memory that may be simultaneously accessed by multiple programs with an intent to provide communication among them or avoid redundant copies. Shared memory is an efficient means of passing data between programs. Depending on context, programs may run on a single processor or on multiple separate processors. Using memory for communication inside a single program, for example among its multiple threads, is generally not referred to as shared memory.
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Microprocessor
A microprocessor incorporates the functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC), or at most a few integrated circuits. It is a multipurpose, programmable device that accepts digital data as input, processes it according to instructions stored in its memory, and provides results as output. It is an example of sequential digital logic, as it has internal memory. Microprocessors operate on numbers and symbols represented in the binary numeral system.
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Data storage device
The magnetic tape is a data storage medium. The recorder is data storage equipment using a portable medium (tape reel) to store the data. ]] A data storage device is a device for recording (storing) information (data). Recording can be done using virtually any form of energy, spanning from manual muscle power in handwriting, to acoustic vibrations in phonographic recording, to electromagnetic energy modulating magnetic tape and optical discs.
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Integrated circuit
An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as IC, chip, or microchip) is an electronic circuit manufactured by lithography, or the patterned diffusion of trace elements into the surface of a thin substrate of semiconductor material. Additional materials are deposited and patterned to form interconnections between semiconductor devices. Integrated circuits are used in virtually all electronic equipment today and have revolutionized the world of electronics.
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