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In recent years, circuit reliability in modern high-performance processors has become increasingly important. Shrinking feature sizes and diminishing supply voltages have made circuits more sensitive to microprocessor supply voltage fluctuations. These fluctuations result from the natural variation of processor activity as workloads execute, but when left unattended, these voltage fluctuations can lead to timing violations or even transistor lifetime issues. In this article, we present a hardware--software collaborative approach to mitigate voltage fluctuations. A checkpoint-recovery mechanism rectifies errors when voltage violates maximum tolerance settings, while a runtime software layer reschedules the program's instruction stream to prevent recurring violations at the same program location. The runtime layer, combined with the proposed code-rescheduling algorithm, removes 60% of all violations with minimal overhead, thereby significantly improving overall performance. Our solution is a radical departure from the ongoing industry-standard approach to circumvent the issue altogether by optimizing for the worst-case voltage flux, which compromises power and performance efficiency severely, especially looking ahead to future technology generations. Existing conservative approaches will have severe implications on the ability to deliver efficient microprocessors. The proposed technique reassembles a traditional reliability problem as a runtime performance optimization problem, thus allowing us to design processors for typical case operation by building intelligent algorithms that can prevent recurring violations.

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Author image not provided  Vijay Janapa Reddi

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Bibliometrics: publication history
Publication years2004-2016
Publication count35
Citation Count1,218
Available for download25
Downloads (6 Weeks)161
Downloads (12 Months)1,834
Downloads (cumulative)12,932
Average downloads per article517.28
Average citations per article34.80
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Author image not provided  Simone Campanoni

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Bibliometrics: publication history
Publication years2008-2016
Publication count20
Citation Count84
Available for download12
Downloads (6 Weeks)37
Downloads (12 Months)420
Downloads (cumulative)2,463
Average downloads per article205.25
Average citations per article4.20
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Author image not provided  Meeta S. Gupta

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Bibliometrics: publication history
Publication years2004-2011
Publication count11
Citation Count114
Available for download8
Downloads (6 Weeks)8
Downloads (12 Months)102
Downloads (cumulative)2,388
Average downloads per article298.50
Average citations per article10.36
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Author image not provided  Michael D. Smith

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Publication years1989-2015
Publication count82
Citation Count1,695
Available for download39
Downloads (6 Weeks)59
Downloads (12 Months)780
Downloads (cumulative)26,728
Average downloads per article685.33
Average citations per article20.67
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Author image not provided  Gu-Yeon Wei

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Bibliometrics: publication history
Publication years2005-2015
Publication count38
Citation Count341
Available for download25
Downloads (6 Weeks)88
Downloads (12 Months)1,551
Downloads (cumulative)9,317
Average downloads per article372.68
Average citations per article8.97
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Author image not provided  David Brooks

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Bibliometrics: publication history
Publication years1999-2015
Publication count83
Citation Count2,512
Available for download48
Downloads (6 Weeks)147
Downloads (12 Months)2,209
Downloads (cumulative)23,123
Average downloads per article481.73
Average citations per article30.27
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Author image not provided  Kim Hazelwood

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Bibliometrics: publication history
Publication years2000-2015
Publication count34
Citation Count1,211
Available for download24
Downloads (6 Weeks)109
Downloads (12 Months)1,707
Downloads (cumulative)13,351
Average downloads per article556.29
Average citations per article35.62
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top of pageREFERENCES

Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.

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}}Sorin, D. J., Martin, M. M. K., Hill, M. D., and Wood, D. A. 2000. Fast checkpoint/recovery to support Kilo-instruction speculation and hardware fault tolerance. Tech. rep. University of Wisconsin-Madison.
 
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6 Citations

 
 

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The ACM Computing Classification System (CCS rev.2012)

Note: Larger/Darker text within each node indicates a higher relevance of the materials to the taxonomic classification.

top of pagePUBLICATION

Title ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization (TACO) TACO Homepage table of contents archive
Volume 7 Issue 2, September 2010
Article No. 12
Publication Date2010-09-01 (yyyy-mm-dd)
PublisherACM New York, NY, USA
ISSN: 1544-3566 EISSN: 1544-3973 doi>10.1145/1839667.1839674

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top of pageTable of Contents

ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization (TACO)

Volume 7 Issue 2, September 2010

Table of Contents
Token tenure and PATCH: A predictive/adaptive token-counting hybrid
Arun Raghavan, Colin Blundell, Milo M. K. Martin
Article No.: 6
doi>10.1145/1839667.1839668
Full text: PDFPDF

Traditional coherence protocols present a set of difficult trade-offs: the reliance of snoopy protocols on broadcast and ordered interconnects limits their scalability, while directory protocols incur a performance penalty on sharing misses due to indirection. ...
expand
Automatic feedback-directed object fusing
Christian Wimmer, Hanspeter Mössenbösck
Article No.: 7
doi>10.1145/1839667.1839669
Full text: PDFPDF

Object fusing is an optimization that embeds certain referenced objects into their referencing object. The order of objects on the heap is changed in such a way that objects that are accessed together are placed next to each other in memory. Their offset ...
expand
Applied inference: Case studies in microarchitectural design
Benjamin C. Lee, David Brooks
Article No.: 8
doi>10.1145/1839667.1839670
Full text: PDFPDF

We propose and apply a new simulation paradigm for microarchitectural design evaluation and optimization. This paradigm enables more comprehensive design studies by combining spatial sampling and statistical inference. Specifically, this paradigm (i) ...
expand
Thread-management techniques to maximize efficiency in multicore and simultaneous multithreaded microprocessors
R. Rakvic, Q. Cai, J. González, G. Magklis, P. Chaparro, A. González
Article No.: 9
doi>10.1145/1839667.1839671
Full text: PDFPDF

We provide an analysis of thread-management techniques that increase performance or reduce energy in multicore and Simultaneous Multithreaded (SMT) cores. Thread delaying reduces energy consumption by running the core containing the critical thread at ...
expand
A memory-efficient pipelined implementation of the aho-corasick string-matching algorithm
Derek Pao, Wei Lin, Bin Liu
Article No.: 10
doi>10.1145/1839667.1839672
Full text: PDFPDF

With rapid advancement in Internet technology and usages, some emerging applications in data communications and network security require matching of huge volume of data against large signature sets with thousands of strings in real time. In this article, ...
expand
Exploiting the reuse supplied by loop-dependent stream references for stream processors
Xuejun Yang, Ying Zhang, Xicheng Lu, Jingling Xue, Ian Rogers, Gen Li, Guibin Wang, Xudong Fang
Article No.: 11
doi>10.1145/1839667.1839673
Full text: PDFPDF

Memory accesses limit the performance of stream processors. By exploiting the reuse of data held in the Stream Register File (SRF), an on-chip, software controlled storage, the number of memory accesses can be reduced. In current stream compilers, reuse ...
expand
Eliminating voltage emergencies via software-guided code transformations
Vijay Janapa Reddi, Simone Campanoni, Meeta S. Gupta, Michael D. Smith, Gu-Yeon Wei, David Brooks, Kim Hazelwood
Article No.: 12
doi>10.1145/1839667.1839674
Full text: PDFPDF

In recent years, circuit reliability in modern high-performance processors has become increasingly important. Shrinking feature sizes and diminishing supply voltages have made circuits more sensitive to microprocessor supply voltage fluctuations. These ...
expand

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