Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) are networks in which mobile routers are connected via wireless links forming dynamic topologies. An important function of network management in a MANET is to observe network conditions: at the node level, this may mean keeping track of the traffic load; at the network level, ...
Keywords:
MANET
Abstract:
<p>Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (
MANETs) ) are networks in which mobile routers are connected via ... dynamic topologies. An important function of network management in a
MANET is to observe network conditions: at the node level, this ... <i>A</i>d hoc <i>N</i>etworks, (MMAN) to address the challenges of monitoring
MANETs. . We formulate an overall design structure and present an ... structure and present an implementation of our framework for a
MANET running the Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol. The unobtrusive ... the system to adapt to the constantly changing nature of
MANETs and to provide valuable network management, security assessment, and traffic ... The system is non-intrusive, generates no additional traffic in the
MANET
Full Text:
... Tech Arlington, VA, USA ldasilva@vt.edu ABSTRACT Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (
MANETs) ) are networks in which mobile routers are connected via ... dynamic topologies. An important function of network management in a
MANET is to observe network conditions: at the node level, this ... Ad hoc Networks, (MMAN) to address the challenges of monitoring
MANETs. . We formulate an overall design structure and present an ... structure and present an implementation of our framework for a
MANET running the Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol. The unobtrusive ... the system to adapt to the constantly changing nature of
MANETs and to provide valuable network management, security assessment, and traffic ... The system is non-intrusive, generates no additional traffic in the
MANET it monitors, and requires only modest processing and storage resources. ... Network management General Terms: Design, Experimentation, Measurement Keywords: Monitoring, management,
MANET, , experimentation 1. INTRODUCTION Wireless mobile ad hoc networks (
MANETs) ) are self-organizing and autonomous networks, consisting of mobile nodes ... and collaborate with one another to form a network. A
MANET may operate in standalone fashion or as a stub network. ... in standalone fashion or as a stub network. Use of
MANETs is expected to increase substantially as personal computing becomes more ... technologies to provide widespread commercial Internet access in Paris. Since
MANETs do not require the costly communication infrastructure of legacy wireless ... disaster sites, vehicular communication, etc. Some of the characteristics of
MANETs include dynamic network topologies, high likelihood of network partitioning, undefined ... These characteristics pose a significant challenge to the management of
MANETs. . In particular, designing and implementing a monitoring solution that ... of band. Our monitoring solution does not depend on the
MANET to operate, hence it is robust to network partitioning, link ... link breaks, dead nodes, and node misbehavior in the monitored
MANET. . The information provided by our monitoring system can be ...
... that MMAN was able to reflect the changes in the
MANET with less than two seconds of delay. Also, when deployed ... ? A distributed framework for monitoring and performance assessment of
MANETs; ; ? A monitoring solution for
MANETs that is capable of producing an up-to-date picture of the ... neighbors, which helps identify selfish and malicious nodes in a
MANET; ; and ? A proof-of-concept implementation of a
MANET monitoring system based on the methods introduced in this paper. ... work in the area of monitoring and fault detection of
MANETs. . Section 3 presents our proposed monitoring and assessment framework ... Section 3 presents our proposed monitoring and assessment framework for
MANETs. ... . Section 4 describes the implementation of MMAN on a
MANET that uses OLSR as its routing protocol. We present the ... WORK Our proposed solution for monitoring and performance assessment of
MANETs can be linked to both
MANET monitoring systems [6-9] and
MANET behavior-based solutions [10-14]. In [6], Badonnel, Festor and State propose ... of [9] proposed DAMON, a hierarchical agent-sink architecture for monitoring
MANETs. . In this scheme, nodes are equipped with a collector ... rely on a middle management layer to collect information from
MANET nodes are scalable and can provide node and network-level information, ...
... Also, reporting status or responding to polls requires processing by
MANET nodes and reduces battery life. Furthermore, these approaches fall short ... solution, we do not inject any traffic into the monitored
MANET. . We employ promiscuous packet capture tools on independent Monitoring ... collect information passively and are not part of the monitored
MANET, , and thus network partitioning does not affect the performance ... performance of our monitoring solution. Furthermore, we do not require
MANET nodes to install new software or run any daemon, hence ... MANET?s deployment, but can increase as the size of the
MANET increases. Table 1 shows a comparison of the various monitoring ... where a node or a group of nodes in a
MANET refuses to forward their peers? packets, could significantly affect the ... their peers? packets, could significantly affect the performance of a
MANET. .) These approaches tend to be suited to the self-organized ... tend to be suited to the self-organized nature of a
MANET as nodes evaluate the behavior of their peers, share their ... power, and bandwidth, which are all scarce resources in a
MANET. . Unlike behavior-based assessment systems, MMAN is unobtrusive; it does ... all nodes ? ? ? Injects management traffic into the
MANET ? ? ? ? Places constraints on
MANET resources (nodes? battery life and CPU consumption) ? ? ? ... under coverage ? ? ? ? ? Is robust to
MANET partitioning ? Is cheat-proof against a group of malicious or ... to network partitioning and dynamic topology changes in the monitored
MANET, , and low bandwidth consumption. The solution also had to ... A number of Monitoring Units (MUs) are deployed throughout the
MANET. . These MUs are responsible for collecting information regarding network ... network interfaces. One wireless interface card collects packets of the
MANET in promiscuous mode while the other interface (which can be ... MMAN does not inject any additional traffic in the monitored
MANET and results in no overhead to the monitored network. MMAN ...
... represents a sample scenario for MMAN deployed to monitor a
MANET. . MU3 plays the role of an MU as well ... following two settings, both using IEEE 802.11b/g: 1. A 10-node
MANET deployed across a large residential house, covering an approximate area ... some outside the building (see Figure 3). 2. A 10-node
MANET (see Figure 4).
MANET nodes in both experiments were running the NRL OLSR routing ... performance of our system for the following scenarios: 1. The
MANET was monitored using only one MU, positioned to have partial ... have partial coverage of the network; and 2. The same
MANET was monitored by two MUs, with 80%-90% total coverage. Our ... only a few MUs, as long as most of the
MANET area is covered, was sufficient. The approximate coverage areas of ... Ability to produce a dynamic and up-to-date picture of the
MANET topology. ? Ability to show traffic information (incoming and outgoing ... CPU processing requirements for management nodes. Figure 3: A 10-node
MANET deployed across a 38,000 sq. ft. house. 5. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ... used iptables to force desired topologies and create a partitioned
MANET, , and in other situations natural interference and distance caused ... understand the results of partial versus complete coverage of the
MANET by the MUs, we examined the performance of MMAN in ... GUI component when one MU (MU1) covers half of the
MANET nodes (Figure 5) showed incomplete traffic and cooperation details, but ... was able to produce a complete topology picture of the
MANET with details of traffic and cooperation activity for nodes under ... unit using their out-of-band communication link. Figure 4: A 10-node
MANET deployed in a typical office environment. 5.2 Assessing Traffic Load ... and when there was complete and partial coverage of the
MANET. . Regardless of traffic rate (10 packets/sec to 210 packets/sec) ...
... design, implementation and experimental performance evaluation of MMAN, our distributed
MANET monitoring system. We tested the performance of MMAN under varied ... (with different network densities, complete and partial coverage of the
MANET, , altered node cooperation levels, and various traffic rates) in ... node cooperation levels, and various traffic rates) in a real
MANET environment. In general, MMAN was capable of producing satisfactory results ... where multiple teams equipped with two laptops each form a
MANET and compete to ensure delivery of their traffic while minimizing ... this completion. During the MANIAC Challenge two MUs monitored a
MANET of 16 nodes and provided an up-to-date view of node ...
... of the network topology and node-level information for the entire
MANET. . (Boxed areas are the coverage areas of the respected ...
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