research-article

An experimental study of home gateway characteristics

Authors:

Seppo Hätönen,

Stephen Strowes,

Pasi Sarolahti, and

Markku KojoAuthors Info & Claims

IMC '10: Proceedings of the 10th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement

November 2010

Pages 260 - 266

https://doi.org/10.1145/1879141.1879174

Published: 01 November 2010 Publication History

Abstract

Many residential and small business users connect to the Internet via home gateways, such as DSL and cable modems. The characteristics of these devices heavily influence the quality and performance of the Internet service that these users receive. Anecdotal evidence suggests that an extremely diverse set of behaviors exists in the deployed base, forcing application developers to design for the lowest common denominator. This paper experimentally analyzes some characteristics of a substantial number of different home gateways: binding timeouts, queuing delays, throughput, protocol support and others.

References

[1]

J. Åhlund and P. Wallström. DNSSEC Tests of Consumer Broadband Routers. Technical Report, .SE Internet Infrastructure Foundation, Feb. 2008.

[2]

R. Arends, R. Austein, M. Larson, D. Massey, and S. Rose. DNS Security Introduction and Requirements. RFC 4033 (Proposed Standard), Mar. 2005.

[3]

F. Audet and C. Jennings. Network Address Translation (NAT) Behavioral Requirements for Unicast UDP. RFC 4787 (Best Current Practice), Jan. 2007.

[4]

R. Bellis. DNS Proxy Implementation Guidelines. RFC 5625 (Best Current Practice), Aug. 2009.

[5]

R. Bellis and L. Phifer. Test Report: DNSSEC Impact on Broadband Routers and Firewalls. Technical Report, Nominet, Sept. 2008.

[6]

R. Braden. Requirements for Internet Hosts - Communication Layers. RFC 1122 (Standard), Oct. 1989.

[7]

L. D'Acunto, J. Pouwelse, and H. Sips. A Measurement of NAT & Firewall Characteristics in Peer to Peer Systems. In Proc. ASCI Conference, 2009.

[8]

S. Deering and R. Hinden. Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification. RFC 2460 (Draft Standard), Dec. 1998.

[9]

T. Dietrich. DNSSEC Support by Home Routers in Germany. In Proc. 60th Réseaux IP Européens (RIPE) Meeting, May 2010.

[10]

B. Ford, P. Srisuresh, and D. Kegel. Peer-to-Peer Communication Across Network Address Translators. In Proc. USENIX Annual Technical Conference, pages 13--13, 2005.

Digital Library

[11]

S. Guha, K. Biswas, B. Ford, S. Sivakumar, and P. Srisuresh. NAT Behavioral Requirements for TCP. RFC 5382 (Best Current Practice), Oct. 2008.

[12]

S. Guha and P. Francis. Characterization and Measurement of TCP Traversal through NATs and Firewalls. In Proc. ACM SIGCOMM IMC, pages 199--211, 2005.

Digital Library

[13]

H. Haverinen, J. Siren, and P. Eronen. Energy Consumption of Always-On Applications in WCDMA Networks. In Proc. IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, pages 964--968, Apr. 2007.

[14]

C. Jennings. NAT Classification Test Results. Internet-Draft draft-jennings-behave-test-results-04, Internet Engineering Task Force, July 2007. Work in Progress.

[15]

E. Kohler, M. Handley, and S. Floyd. Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP). RFC 4340 (Proposed Standard), Mar. 2006.

[16]

E. Kohler, M. Handley, and S. Floyd. Designing DCCP: Congestion Control Without Reliability. ACM SIGCOMM CCR, 36(4):27--38, 2006.

Digital Library

[17]

K. Lahey. TCP Problems with Path MTU Discovery. RFC 2923 (Informational), Sept. 2000.

[18]

R. Mahy, P. Matthews, and J. Rosenberg. Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN): Relay Extensions to Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN). RFC 5766 (Proposed Standard), Apr. 2010.

[19]

L. Mäkinen and J. Nurminen. Measurements on the Feasibility of TCP NAT Traversal in Cellular Networks. In Proc. Conference on Next Generation Internet Networks, pages 261--267, 2008.

[20]

M. Mathis, J. Mahdavi, S. Floyd, and A. Romanow. TCP Selective Acknowledgment Options. RFC 2018 (Proposed Standard), Oct. 1996.

Digital Library

[21]

A. Medina, M. Allman, and S. Floyd. Measuring the Evolution of Transport Protocols in the Internet. ACM SIGCOMM CCR, 35(2):37--52, 2005.

Digital Library

[22]

J. Mogul and S. Deering. Path MTU Discovery. RFC 1191 (Draft Standard), Nov. 1990.

[23]

J. Postel. Internet Control Message Protocol. RFC 792 (Standard), Sept. 1981.

[24]

K. Ramakrishnan, S. Floyd, and D. Black. The Addition of Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) to IP. RFC 3168 (Proposed Standard), Sept. 2001.

[25]

Y. Rekhter, B. Moskowitz, D. Karrenberg, G. J. de Groot, and E. Lear. Address Allocation for Private Internets. RFC 1918 (Best Current Practice), Feb. 1996.

Digital Library

[26]

J. Rosenberg. Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Protocol for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal for Offer/Answer Protocols. RFC 5245 (Proposed Standard), Apr. 2010.

[27]

J. Rosenberg, R. Mahy, P. Matthews, and D. Wing. Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN). RFC 5389 (Proposed Standard), Oct. 2008.

[28]

J. Rosenberg, J. Weinberger, C. Huitema, and R. Mahy. STUN - Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Through Network Address Translators (NATs). RFC 3489 (Proposed Standard), Mar. 2003.

[29]

P. Srisuresh, B. Ford, S. Sivakumar, and S. Guha. NAT Behavioral Requirements for ICMP. RFC 5508 (Best Current Practice), Apr. 2009.

[30]

R. Stewart. Stream Control Transmission Protocol. RFC 4960 (Proposed Standard), Sept. 2007.

Cited By

Olson KWampler JKeller E(2023)Doomed to Repeat with IPv6? Characterization of NAT-centric Security in SOHO RoutersACM Computing Surveys10.1145/358600755:14s(1-37)Online publication date: 7-Mar-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3586007
Randall ALiu EPadmanabhan RAkiwate GVoelker GSavage SSchulman ALevin DMislove AAmann JLuckie M(2021)Home is where the hijacking isProceedings of the 21st ACM Internet Measurement Conference10.1145/3487552.3487817(390-397)Online publication date: 2-Nov-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3487552.3487817
Minqi WQiurun HChenhao WHongyu LGang HWenxin YKang X(2021)A two-way Asymmetric Heartbeat Packet Sending Algorithm for Improving the Stability of Narrow-Band-Internet-of-Things TCP Long Connection with Least Resource Consumption2021 International Conference on Machine Learning and Intelligent Systems Engineering (MLISE)10.1109/MLISE54096.2021.00066(317-320)Online publication date: Jul-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/MLISE54096.2021.00066
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

An experimental study of home gateway characteristics
1. General and reference
  1. Cross-computing tools and techniques
    1. Performance
2. Networks
  1. Network components
    1. Intermediate nodes
      1. Routers

Recommendations

Mapping home-network appliances to TCP/IP sockets using a three-tiered home gateway architecture

A three-tier gateway architecture for internetworking between home automation networks and a TCP/IP based wide area network, such as the Internet, is described. The architecture abstracts the functionality of any home network into a driver layer (tier ...
Read More
Remote management of non-TR-069 UPnP end-user devices in a private network
CCNC'09: Proceedings of the 6th IEEE Conference on Consumer Communications and Networking Conference

End-to-end broadband service delivery requires remote management of devices in the home network, beyond the home gateway (HG). The service provider can only put limited requirements to these of-the-shelf devices, and therefore has to make intelligent ...
Read More
Home gateway architecture and its implementation

We propose a home network architecture, which integrates heterogeneous home network environments. Our architecture incorporates various home network technologies into the gateway technology. We use link-layer dependent protocols within a single network ...
Read More

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

IMC '10: Proceedings of the 10th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement

November 2010

496 pages

ISBN:9781450304832

DOI:10.1145/1879141

Program Chair:
Mark Allman
International Computer Science Institute

Copyright © 2010 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

In-Cooperation

USENIX Assoc: USENIX Assoc

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 November 2010

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Conference

IMC '10

Sponsor:

IMC '10: Internet Measurement Conference

November 1 - 30, 2010

Melbourne, Australia

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 277 of 1,083 submissions, 26%

Upcoming Conference

IMC '24

Sponsor:
sigcomm
sigcomm

ACM Internet Measurement Conference

November 4 - 6, 2024

Madrid , AA , Spain

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

27
Total Citations
View Citations
416
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)14
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Olson KWampler JKeller E(2023)Doomed to Repeat with IPv6? Characterization of NAT-centric Security in SOHO RoutersACM Computing Surveys10.1145/358600755:14s(1-37)Online publication date: 7-Mar-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3586007
Randall ALiu EPadmanabhan RAkiwate GVoelker GSavage SSchulman ALevin DMislove AAmann JLuckie M(2021)Home is where the hijacking isProceedings of the 21st ACM Internet Measurement Conference10.1145/3487552.3487817(390-397)Online publication date: 2-Nov-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3487552.3487817
Minqi WQiurun HChenhao WHongyu LGang HWenxin YKang X(2021)A two-way Asymmetric Heartbeat Packet Sending Algorithm for Improving the Stability of Narrow-Band-Internet-of-Things TCP Long Connection with Least Resource Consumption2021 International Conference on Machine Learning and Intelligent Systems Engineering (MLISE)10.1109/MLISE54096.2021.00066(317-320)Online publication date: Jul-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/MLISE54096.2021.00066
Xu KXu K(2021)Research Frontiers of Network Behavior AnalysisNetwork Behavior Analysis10.1007/978-981-16-8325-1_8(119-163)Online publication date: 16-Dec-2021
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8325-1_8
Rahman MUddin MHasan TRahman MKaykobad M(2018)Using Adaptive Heartbeat Rate on Long-Lived TCP ConnectionsIEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking10.1109/TNET.2017.277427526:1(203-216)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2018
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TNET.2017.2774275
Edeline KKühlewind MTrammell BDonnet B(2017)copycatProceedings of the Applied Networking Research Workshop10.1145/3106328.3106330(13-19)Online publication date: 15-Jul-2017
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3106328.3106330
Langley ARiddoch AWilk AVicente AKrasic CZhang DYang FKouranov FSwett IIyengar JBailey JDorfman JRoskind JKulik JWestin PTenneti RShade RHamilton RVasiliev VChang WShi Z(2017)The QUIC Transport ProtocolProceedings of the Conference of the ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication10.1145/3098822.3098842(183-196)Online publication date: 7-Aug-2017
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3098822.3098842
Mandalari ABautista MValera FBagnulo M(2017)NATwatcherIEEE Communications Magazine10.1109/MCOM.2017.1600776CM55:3(178-185)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2017
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/MCOM.2017.1600776CM
Szalachowski PPerrig A(2017)Short Paper: On Deployment of DNS-Based Security EnhancementsFinancial Cryptography and Data Security10.1007/978-3-319-70972-7_24(424-433)Online publication date: 2017
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70972-7_24
McQuistin SPerkins CFayed MHellwagner H(2016)TCP goes to hollywoodProceedings of the 26th International Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video10.1145/2910642.2910648(1-6)Online publication date: 10-May-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2910642.2910648
Show More Cited By

View Options

Get Access

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents