Abstract
In multiplex networks, agents are connected by multiple types of links; a multiplex network can be split into more than one network layer that is composed of the same type of links and involved agents. Each network link type has a bias for communicating different types of resources; thus, the task’s access to the required resources in multiplex networks is strongly related to the network link types. However, traditional task allocation and load balancing methods only considered the situations of agents themselves and did not address the effects of network link types in multiplex networks. To solve this problem, this article considers both link types and agents, and substantially extends the existing work by highlighting the effect of network layers on task allocation and load balancing. Two multiplex network-adapted models of task allocation with load balancing are presented: network layer-oriented allocation and agent-oriented allocation. This article also addresses the unreliability in multiplex networks, which includes the unreliable links and agents, and implements a reliable task allocation based on a negotiation reputation and reward mechanism. Our findings show that both of our presented models can effectively and robustly satisfy the task allocation objectives in unreliable multiplex networks; the experiments prove that they can significantly reduce the time costs and improve the success rate of tasks for multiplex networks over the traditional simplex network-adapted task allocation model. Lastly, we find that our presented network layer-oriented allocation performs much better in terms of reliability and allocation time compared to our presented agent-oriented allocation, which further explains the importance of network layers in multiplex networks.
- S. Abdallah and V. Lesser. 2007. Multiagent reinforcement learning and self-organization in a network of agents. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS’07). 172--179. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- S. Aknine, S. Pinson, and M. F. Shakun. 2004. An extended multi-agent negotiation protocol. Journal of Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems 8, 1 (2004), 5--45. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- B. An, V. Lesser, and K. M. Sim. 2011. Strategic agents for multi-resource negotiation. Journal of Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems 23, 1 (2011), 114--153. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- S. Boccaletti, G. Bianconi, R. Criado, C. I. del Genio, J. Gómez-Gardeñes, M. Romance, I. Sendiña-Nadal, Z. Wang, and M. Zaninm. 2014. The structure and dynamics of multilayer networks. Physics Reports (2014). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2014.07.001Google Scholar
- C. D. Brummitt, K. M. Lee, and K. I. Goh. 2012. Multiplexity-facilitated cascades in networks. Physical Review E 85, 045102 (2012).Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- S. V. Buldyrev, R. Parshani, G. Paul, H. E. Stanley, and S. Havlin. 2010. Catastrophic cascade of failures in interdependent networks. Nature 464, 7291 (2010), 1025--1028.Google Scholar
- K. P. Chow and Y. K. Kwok. 2002. On load balancing for distributed multiagent computing. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 13, 8 (2002), 787--801. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- E. Cozzo, R. A. Baños, S. Meloni, and Y. Moreno. 2013. Contact-based social contagion in multiplex networks. Physical Review E 88, 5, 050801 (2013).Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- A. Das and M. M. Islam. 2012. SecuredTrust: A dynamic trust computation model for secured communication in multiagent systems. IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing 9, 2 (2012), 261--274. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- S. Fjuita and V. R. Lesser. 1996. Centralized task distribution in the presence of uncertainty and time deadlines. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Multiagent Systems (ICMAS’96). 87--94.Google Scholar
- S. Gómez, A. Díaz-Guilera, J. Gómez-Gardeñes, C. J. Pérez-Vicente, Y. Moreno, and A. Arenas. 2013. Diffusion dynamics on multiplex networks. Physical Review Letters 110, 2, 028701 (2013).Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- J. Gómez-Gardeñes, I. Reinares, A. Arenas, and L. M. Floría. 2012. Evolution of cooperation in multiplex networks. Scientific Reports 2, 620 (2012).Google Scholar
- B. Hong and V. K. Prasanna. 2007. Adaptive allocation of independent tasks to maximize throughput. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 18, 10 (2007), 1420--1435. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Y. Jiang and Z. Huang. 2012. The rich get richer: Preferential attachment in the task allocation of cooperative networked multiagent systems with resource caching. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics-Part A: Systems and Humans 42, 5 (2012), 1040--1052. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Y. Jiang and J. Jiang. 2009. Contextual resource negotiation-based task allocation and load balancing in complex software systems. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 20, 5 (2009), 641--653. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Y. Jiang and J. C. Jiang. 2014. Understanding social networks from a multiagent perspective. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 25, 10 (2014), 2743--2759.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Y. Jiang and J. C. Jiang. 2015. Diffusion in social networks: A multiagent perspective. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems 45, 2 (2015), 198--213.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Y. Jiang, Y. Zhou, and Y. Li. 2013a. Network layer-oriented task allocation for multiagent systems in undependable multiplex networks. In Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI’13). 640--647. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Y. Jiang, Y. Zhou, and W. Wang. 2013b. Task allocation for undependable multiagent systems in social networks. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 24, 8 (2013), 1671--1681. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- R. Kota, N. Gibbins, and N. R. Jennings. 2012. Decentralised approaches for self-adaptation in agent organizations. ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems 7, 1 (2012), 1--28. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- S. Kraus and T. Plotkin. 2000. Algorithms of distributed task allocation for cooperative agents. Theoretical Computer Science 242, 1--2 (2000), 1--27. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- K. M. Lee, J. Y. Kim, W. K. Cho, K. I. Goh, and I. M. Kim. 2012. Correlated multiplexity and connectivity of multiplex random networks. New Journal of Physics 14, 033027 (2012).Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Z. Li and Y. Jiang. 2014. Cross-layers cascade in multiplex networks. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS-14). Paris, France, 269--276. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- J. Liu, X. Jin, and Y. Wang. 2005. Agent-based load balancing on homogeneous minigrids: Macroscopic modeling and characterization. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 16, 7 (2005), 586--598. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- P. R. Ma, E. Y. S. Lee, and M. Tsuchiya. 1982. A task allocation model for distributed computing systems. IEEE Transactions on Computers C-31, 1 (1982), 41--47. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- H. Ohtsuki, C. Hauert, E. Lieberman, and M. A. Nowak. 2006. A simple rule for the evolution of cooperation on graphs and social networks. Nature 441 (2006), 502--505.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- M. Salehi, R. Sharma, M. Marzolla, D. Montesi, P. Siyari, and M. Magnani. 2014. Diffusion processes on multilayer networks. arXiv:1405.4329 {cs.SI} (2014). http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.4329Google Scholar
- S. M. Shatz, J. P. Wang, and M. Goto. 1992. Task allocation for maximizing reliability of distributed computer systems. IEEE Trans. Comput. 41, 9 (1992), 1156--1168. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- O. Shehory and S. Kraus. 1998. Methods for task allocation via agent coalition formation. Artificial Intelligence 101, 1--2 (1998), 165--200. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- R. G. Smith. 1980. The contract net protocol: High-level communication and control in a distributed problem solver. IEEE Transactions on Computers 29, 12 (1980), 1104--1113. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- M. Szell, R. Lambiotte, and S. Thurner. 2010. Multirelational organization of large-scale social networks in an online world. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107, 13636--13641.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Z. Wang, A. Szolnoki, and M. Perc. 2013. Optimal interdependence between networks for the evolution of cooperation. Scientific Reports 3, 2470 (2013).Google Scholar
- Z. Wang, L. Wang, and M. Perc. 2014. Degree mixing in multilayer networks impedes the evolution of cooperation. Physical Review E 89, 052813 (2014).Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- M. M. Weerdt, Y. Zhang, and T. Klos. 2012. Multiagent task allocation in social networks. Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems 25, 1 (2012), 46--86. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- J. Xu, A. Y. S. Lam, and V. O. K. Li. 2011. Chemical reaction optimization for task scheduling in grid computing. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 22, 10 (2011), 1624--1631.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- O. Yaǧan and V. Gligor. 2012. Analysis of complex contagions in random multiplex networks. Physical Review E 86, 036103 (2012).Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- D. Ye, M. Zhang, and D. Sutanto. 2013. Self-adaptation based dynamic coalition formation in a distributed agent network: A mechanism and a brief survey. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 24, 5 (2013), 1042--1051. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- K. Zhang, E. G. C. Jr., and D. Shi. 2012. Centralized and distributed task allocation in multi-robot teams via a stochastic clustering auction. ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems 7, 2, 21 (2012). Google Scholar
Digital Library
- X. Zhou, D. Ippoliti, and T. Boult. 2007. Hop-count based probabilistic packet dropping: Congestion mitigation with loss rate differentiation. Computer Communications 30, 18 (2007), 3859--3869. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- G. Zlotkin and J. S. Rosenschein. 1991. Incomplete information and deception in multi-agent negotiation. In Proceedings of the 12th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI’91). 225--231. Google Scholar
Digital Library
Index Terms
Reliable Task Allocation with Load Balancing in Multiplex Networks
Recommendations
Network Layer-Oriented Task Allocation for Multiagent Systems in Undependable Multiplex Networks
ICTAI '13: Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 25th International Conference on Tools with Artificial IntelligenceIn a multiplex network, agents are connected by multiple types of links, and the network can be split into more than one network layer which is composed of the same type of links and involved agents. Traditional task allocation methods of multiagent ...
Locality-sensitive task allocation and load balancing in networked multiagent systems: Talent versus centrality
With the development of large scale multiagent systems, agents are always organized in network structures where each agent interacts only with its immediate neighbors in the network. Coordination among networked agents is a critical issue which mainly ...
Task Allocation for Undependable Multiagent Systems in Social Networks
Task execution of multiagent systems in social networks (MAS-SN) can be described through agents' operations when accessing necessary resources distributed in the social networks; thus, task allocation can be implemented based on the agents' access to ...






Comments