Abstract
We present a fitted model of sky dome radiance and attenuation for realistic terrestrial atmospheres. Using scatterer distribution data from atmospheric measurement data, our model considerably improves on the visual realism of existing analytical clear sky models, as well as of interactive methods that are based on approximating atmospheric light transport. We also provide features not found in fitted models so far: radiance patterns for post-sunset conditions, in-scattered radiance and attenuation values for finite viewing distances, an observer altitude resolved model that includes downward-looking viewing directions, as well as polarisation information. We introduce a fully spherical model for in-scattered radiance that replaces the family of hemispherical functions originally introduced by Perez et al., and which was extended for several subsequent analytical models: our model relies on reference image compression via tensor decomposition instead.
Supplemental Material
Available for Download
a135-wilkie.zip
- G. Anderson, Shepard Clough, F. Kneizys, J. Chetwynd, and Eric Shettle. 1986. AFGL Atmospheric Constituent Profiles (0.120km). (05 1986), 46.Google Scholar
- Barry A. Bodhaine, Norman B. Wood, Ellsworth G. Dutton, and James R. Slusser. 1999. On Rayleigh Optical Depth Calculations. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 16, 11 (1999), 1854--1861. <1854:ORODC>2.0.CO;2 arXiv:https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1999)016<1854:ORODC>2.0.CO;2 Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Eric Bruneton. 2016. A qualitative and quantitative evaluation of 8 clear sky models. IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics 23, 12 (2016), 2641--2655.Google Scholar
- Eric Bruneton and Fabrice Neyret. 2008. Precomputed atmospheric scattering. In Computer graphics forum, Vol. 27. Wiley Online Library, 1079--1086.Google Scholar
- Chaos Czech a.s. 2021. Corona Renderer. https://corona-renderer.com/.Google Scholar
- C. Emde, R. Buras-Schnell, A. Kylling, B. Mayer, J. Gasteiger, U. Hamann, J. Kylling, B. Richter, C. Pause, T. Dowling, and L. Bugliaro. 2016. The libRadtran software package for radiative transfer calculations (version 2.0.1). Geoscientific Model Development 9, 5 (2016), 1647--1672. Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- V. Gorshelev, A. Serdyuchenko, M. Weber, W. Chehade, and J. P. Burrows. 2014. High spectral resolution ozone absorption cross-sections - Part 1: Measurements, data analysis and comparison with previous measurements around 293 K. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 7, 2 (2014), 609--624. Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- David Guimera, Diego Gutierrez, and Adrián Jarabo. 2018. A Physically-Based Spatio-Temporal Sky Model. In Spanish Computer Graphics Conference (CEIG), Ignacio García-Fernández and Carlos Ureña (Eds.). The Eurographics Association. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Jörg Haber, Marcus Magnor, and Hans-Peter Seidel. 2005. Physically-based simulation of twilight phenomena. ACM Transactions on Graphics 24 (October 2005), 1353--1373. Issue 4. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Miles Hansard. 2019. Fast Synthesis of Atmospheric Image Effects. In European Conference on Visual Media Production (London, United Kingdom) (CVMP '19). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 13, 10 pages. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- L. G. Henyey and J. L. Greenstein. 1941. Diffuse radiation in the Galaxy. Astrophysical Journal 93 (Jan 1941), 70--83. Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- M. Hess, P. Koepke, and I. Schult. 1998. Optical Properties of Aerosols and Clouds: The Software Package OPAC. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 79, 5 (1998), 831--844. <0831:OPOAAC>2.0.CO;2 arXiv:https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(1998)079<0831:OPOAAC>2.0.CO;2 Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Sébastien Hillaire. 2020. A Scalable and Production Ready Sky and Atmosphere Rendering Technique. Comput. Graph. Forum 39, 4 (2020), 13--22.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Lukas Hošek and Alexander Wilkie. 2012. An analytic model for full spectral sky-dome radiance. ACM Trans. Graph 31, 4 (2012), 95. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Lukas Hošek and Alexander Wilkie. 2013. Adding a solar radiance function to the Hošek-Wilkie skylight model. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 33, 3 (2013), 44--52. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- E. O. Hulburt. 1953. Explanation of the brightness and color of the sky, particularly the twilight sky. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 43 (1953), 113--118.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- AK Kaifel, M Felder, C DeClercq, and J-C Lambert. 2012. New dynamic NNORSY ozone profile climatology. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 5, 1 (2012), 775--812.Google Scholar
- Joseph T. Kider, Jr., Daniel Knowlton, Jeremy Newlin, Yining Karl Li, and Donald P. Greenberg. 2014. A Framework for the Experimental Comparison of Solar and Skydome Illumination. ACM Trans. Graph. 33, 6, Article 180 (Nov. 2014), 12 pages. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- T. Kolda and B. Bader. 2009. Tensor Decompositions and Applications. SIAM Rev. 51, 3 (2009), 455--500.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Peter Kutz. 2013. Sky Renderer project blog. http://skyrenderer.blogspot.com. Accessed: 2015-12-31.Google Scholar
- Raymond L. Lee, Wolfgang Meyer, and Goetz Hoeppe. 2011. Atmospheric ozone and colors of the Antarctic twilight sky. Applied Optics 50, 28 (2011), 162--171.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Christian Mätzler. 2002. MATLAB Functions for Mie Scattering and Absorption. Research report 2002-8, Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Bern, Switzerland (2002). http://www.iap.unibe.ch/publications/download/201/en/Google Scholar
- Bailey Miller, Iliyan Georgiev, and Wojciech Jarosz. 2019. A null-scattering path integral formulation of light transport. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 38, 4 (2019), 1--13.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Merlin Nimier-David, Delio Vicini, Tizian Zeltner, and Wenzel Jakob. 2019. Mitsuba 2: A Retargetable Forward and Inverse Renderer. ACM Trans. Graph. 38, 6, Article 203 (Nov. 2019), 17 pages. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Tomoyuki Nishita, Yoshinori Dobashi, and Eihachiro Nakamae. 1996. Display of clouds taking into account multiple anisotropic scattering and sky light. In Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques. 379--386.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Tomoyuki Nishita, Takao Sirai, Katsumi Tadamura, and Eihachiro Nakamae. 1993. Display of the earth taking into account atmospheric scattering. In Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques (Anaheim, CA) (SIGGRAPH '93). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 175--182. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- S O'Neal. 2005. Accurate Atmospheric Scattering. GPU Gems 2.Google Scholar
- R. Perez, R. Seals, and J. Michalsky. 1993. All-weather model for sky luminance distribution-Preliminary configuration and validation. Solar Energy 50, 3 (1993), 235 -- 245. Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Matt Pharr and Greg Humphreys. 2010. Physically Based Rendering, Second Edition: From Theory To Implementation (2nd ed.). Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- A. J. Preetham, Peter Shirley, and Brian Smits. 1999. A practical analytic model for daylight. In Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques (SIGGRAPH '99). ACM Press/Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., New York, NY, USA, 91--100. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Chandrasekhar Subrahmanyan. 1960. Radiative transfer.Google Scholar
- HC van de Hulst. 1957. Light scattering by small particles. Dover Publications.Google Scholar
- Eric Veach. 1997. Robust Monte Carlo methods for light transport simulation. Ph.D. Dissertation. Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Xin Wang, Jun Gao, Zhiguo Fan, and Nicholas W Roberts. 2016. An analytical model for the celestial distribution of polarized light, accounting for polarization singularities, wavelength and atmospheric turbidity. Journal of Optics 18, 6 (2016), 065601. http://stacks.iop.org/2040-8986/18/i=6/a=065601Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Alexander Wilkie. 2018. The Advanced Rendering Toolkit. http://cgg.mff.cuni.cz/ART.Google Scholar
- Alexander Wilkie, Sehera Nawaz, Marc Droske, Andrea Weidlich, and Johannes Hanika. 2014. Hero wavelength spectral sampling. In Computer Graphics Forum, Vol. 33. Wiley Online Library, 123--131.Google Scholar
- Alexander Wilkie, Christiane Ulbricht, Robert F. Tobler, Georg Zotti, and Werner Purgathofer. 2004. An Analytical Model for Skylight Polarization. In Rendering Techniques, Alexander Keller and Henrik Wann Jensen (Eds.). Eurographics Association, 387--398.Google Scholar
Index Terms
A fitted radiance and attenuation model for realistic atmospheres
Recommendations
Pre-convolved Radiance Caching
The incident indirect light over a range of image pixels is often coherent. Two common approaches to exploit this inter-pixel coherence to improve rendering performance are Irradiance Caching and Radiance Caching. Both compute incident indirect light ...
Bi-scale radiance transfer
Radiance transfer represents how generic source lighting is shadowed and scattered by an object to produce view-dependent appearance. We generalize by rendering transfer at two scales. A macro-scale is coarsely sampled over an object's surface, ...
Radiance caching for participating media
In this article we present a novel radiance caching method for efficiently rendering participating media using Monte Carlo ray tracing. Our method handles all types of light scattering including anisotropic scattering, and it works in both homogeneous ...





Comments