Abstract
Time-sensitive Networking (TSN) on Ethernet is a promising communication technology in the automotive and industrial automation industries due to its real-time and high-bandwidth communication capabilities. Time-triggered scheduling and static routing are often adopted in these areas due to high requirements on predictability for safety-critical applications. Deadline-constrained routing and scheduling in TSN have been studied extensively in past research. However, scheduling and routing with reliability requirements in the context of transient faults are not yet studied. In this work, we propose an Satisfiability Modulo Theory-based technique to perform scheduling and routing that takes both reliability constraints and end-to-end deadline constraints into consideration. Heuristics have been applied to improve the scalability of the solution. Extensive experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed technique.
- Guy Avni, Shibashis Guha, and Guillermo Rodriguez-Navas. 2016. Synthesizing time-triggered schedules for switched networks with faulty links. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Embedded Software (EMSOFT’16). IEEE, 1–10.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Lucia Lo Bello and Wilfried Steiner. 2019. A perspective on IEEE time-sensitive networking for industrial communication and automation systems. Proc. IEEE 107, 6 (2019), 1094–1120.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- James Bradley. 1988. Introduction to Discrete Mathematics. Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing.Google Scholar
- Ian Broster, Alan Burns, and Guillermo Rodriguez-Navas. 2005. Timing analysis of real-time communication under electromagnetic interference. Real-Time Syst. 30, 1–2 (2005), 55–81.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Silviu S. Craciunas, Ramon Serna Oliver, Martin Chmelik, and Wilfried Steiner. 2016. Scheduling real-time communication in IEEE 802.1Qbv time sensitive networks. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems (RTNS’16). ACM, 183–192.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Leonardo De Moura and Nikolaj Bjørner. 2008. Z3: An efficient SMT solver. In Proceedings of the International conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems. Springer, 337–340.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Frank Dürr and Naresh Ganesh Nayak. 2016. No-wait packet scheduling for IEEE time-sensitive networks (TSN). In Proceedings of the International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems. ACM, 203–212.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- P. Erodos and A. Renyi. 1959. On random graphs I. Publ. Math. Debrecen 6, 290–297 (1959), 18.Google Scholar
- Jonathan Falk, Frank Dürr, and Kurt Rothermel. 2018. Exploring practical limitations of joint routing and scheduling for TSN with ILP. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA’18). IEEE, 136–146.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Frank Falk Jonathan, Dürr and Rothermel Kurt. 2020. Time-triggered traffic planning for data networks with conflict graphs. In Proceedings of the Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS’20). IEEE, 203–212.Google Scholar
- Voica Gavrilut, Bahram Zarrin, Paul Pop, and Soheil Samii. 2017. Fault-tolerant topology and routing synthesis for IEEE time-sensitive networking. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems(RTNS’17). ACM, 267–276. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1145/3139258.3139284Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Voica Gavriluţ, Luxi Zhao, Michael L. Raagaard, and Paul Pop. 2018. AVB-aware routing and scheduling of time-triggered traffic for TSN. IEEE Access 6 (2018), 75229–75243.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Arpan Gujarati. 2020. Towards Ultra-Reliable CPS: Reliability Analysis of Distributed Real-Time Systems. Ph.D. Dissertation. Technical University of Kaiserslautern.Google Scholar
- Arpan Gujarati, Sergey Bozhko, and Björn B. Brandenburg. 2020. Real-time replica consistency over ethernet with reliability bounds. In Proceedings of the Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS’20). IEEE, 1–10.Google Scholar
- Arpan Gujarati and Björn B. Brandenburg. 2015. When is CAN the weakest link? A bound on failures-in-time in CAN-based real-time systems. In Proceedings of the IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. IEEE, 249–260.Google Scholar
- IEEE. 2011. 802.1AS-2011 –IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks—Timing and Synchronization for Time-Sensitive Applications in Bridged Local Area Networks.Google Scholar
- IEEE. 2018. 802.1CB-2017—IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks–Frame Replication and Elimination for Reliability.Google Scholar
- IEEE. 2018. 802.1Q-2018—IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks–Bridges and Bridged Networks.Google Scholar
- IEEE. 2019. Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) Task Group.Google Scholar
- International Organization for Standardization. 2018. Road vehicles—Functional safety, ISO 26262, 2nd ed.Google Scholar
- International Organization for Standardization. 2019. Road Vehicles—Safety of the Intended Functionality (SOTIF).Google Scholar
- Viacheslav Izosimov. 2009. Scheduling and optimization of fault-tolerant distributed embedded systems. Ph.D. Dissertation. Linköping University Electronic Press.Google Scholar
- Viacheslav Izosimov, Paul Pop, Petru Eles, and Zebo Peng. 2005. Design optimization of time-and cost-constrained fault-tolerant distributed embedded systems. In Proceedings of the Design, Automation and Test in Europe. IEEE, 864–869.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Rouhollah Mahfouzi, Amir Aminifar, Soheil Samii, Petru Eles, and Zebo Peng. 2019. Security-aware routing and scheduling for control applications on ethernet TSN networks. ACM Trans. Design Autom. Electron. Syst. 25, 1 (2019), 1–26.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- R. Mahfouzi, A. Aminifar, S. Samii, A. Rezine, P. Eles, and Z. Peng. 2018. Stability-aware integrated routing and scheduling for control applications in Ethernet networks. In Proceedings of the Design, Automation Test in Europe Conference Exhibition (DATE’18). 682–687.DOI:https://doi.org/10.23919/DATE.2018.8342096Google Scholar
- Rouhollah Mahfouzi, Amir Aminifar, Soheil Samii, Ahmed Rezine, Petru Eles, and Zebo Peng. 2020. Breaking silos to guarantee control stability with communication over ethernet TSN. IEEE Design Test (2020).Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Reusch Niklas, Paul Pop, and Silviu S. Craciunas. 2020. Safe and Secure Configuration Synthesis for TSN-based Distributed Cyber-Physical Systems using Constraint Programming. Technical Report. Technical University of Denmark, TTTech Computertechnik AG.Google Scholar
- Paul Pop, Viacheslav Izosimov, Petru Eles, and Zebo Peng. 2009. Design optimization of time-and cost-constrained fault-tolerant embedded systems with checkpointing and replication. IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integr. Syst. 17, 3 (2009), 389–402.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Paul Pop, Kåre Harbo Poulsen, Viacheslav Izosimov, and Petru Eles. 2007. Scheduling and voltage scaling for energy/reliability trade-offs in fault-tolerant time-triggered embedded systems. In Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM International Conference on Hardware/Software Codesign and System Synthesis. ACM, 233–238.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Paul Pop, Michael Lander Raagaard, Marina Gutierrez, and Wilfried Steiner. 2018. Enabling fog computing for industrial automation through time-sensitive networking (TSN). IEEE Commun. Standards Mag. 2, 2 (2018), 55–61.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Francisco Pozo, Guillermo Rodriguez-Navas, and Hans Hansson. 2018. Schedule reparability: enhancing time-triggered network recovery upon link failures. In Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA’18). IEEE, 147–156.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Soheil Samii and Helge Zinner. 2018. Level 5 by layer 2: Time-sensitive networking for autonomous vehicles. IEEE Commun. Standards Mag. 2, 2 (2018), 62–68.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- Suk-Hyun Seo, Jin-Ho Kim, Sung-Ho Hwang, Key Ho Kwon, and Jae Wook Jeon. 2012. A reliable gateway for in-vehicle networks based on LIN, CAN, and FlexRay. ACM Trans. Embed. Comput. Syst. 11, 1 (2012), 1–24.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Fedor Smirnov, Michael Glaß, Felix Reimann, and Jürgen Teich. 2016. Formal reliability analysis of switched ethernet automotive networks under transient transmission errors. In Proceedings of the 53nd ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC’16). IEEE, 1–6.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Fedor Smirnov, Michael Glaß, Felix Reimann, and Jürgen Teich. 2017. Optimizing message routing and scheduling in automotive mixed-criticality time-triggered networks. In Proceedings of the 54th ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC’17). IEEE, 1–6.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Wilfried Steiner. 2010. An evaluation of SMT-based schedule synthesis for time-triggered multi-hop networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. IEEE, 375–384.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Bogdan Tanasa, Unmesh D Bordoloi, Petru Eles, and Zebo Peng. 2010. Scheduling for fault-tolerant communication on the static segment of FlexRay. In Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. IEEE, 385–394.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Guoqi Xie, Hao Peng, Jing Huang, Renfa Li, and Keqin Li. Early Access. Energy-efficient functional safety design methodology using ASIL decomposition for automotive cyber-physical systems. IEEE Trans. Reliabil. (Early Access).Google Scholar
- Yuanbin Zhou, Soheil Samii, Petru Eles, and Zebo Peng. 2019. Partitioned and overhead-aware scheduling of mixed-criticality real-time systems. In Proceedings of the Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference. ACM, 39–44.Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Yuanbin Zhou, Soheil Samii, Petru Eles, and Zebo Peng. 2019. Scheduling optimization with partitioning for mixed-criticality systems. J. Syst. Architect. 98 (2019), 191–200.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
Index Terms
Reliability-aware Scheduling and Routing for Messages in Time-sensitive Networking
Recommendations
Fault-tolerant topology and routing synthesis for IEEE time-sensitive networking
RTNS '17: Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Real-Time Networks and SystemsTime-Sensitive Networking (TSN) is a set of IEEE standards that extend Ethernet for safety-critical and real-time applications. TSN is envisioned to be widely used in several applications areas, from industrial automation to in-vehicle networking. A TSN ...
Time-Triggered Scheduling for Time-Sensitive Networking with Preemption
2022 27th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC)Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) is a set of IEEE 802.1 technologies that support real-time and reliable Ethernet communication, commonly used in automotive and industrial automation systems. Time-aware scheduling is adopted in TSN to achieve high temporal ...
AVB-aware Routing and Scheduling for Critical Traffic in Time-sensitive Networks with Preemption
RTNS '22: Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Real-Time Networks and SystemsThe Time-Sensitive Network (TSN) amendments and protocols add capabilities on top of standard 802.1 Ethernet for guaranteeing the timeliness of both (isochronous) scheduled traffic (ST) and shaped (audio-video) communication (AVB) in distributed ...






Comments