Article

A high-throughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing

Authors:

Douglas S. J. De Couto,

John Bicket, and

Robert MorrisAuthors Info & Claims

MobiCom '03: Proceedings of the 9th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking

September 2003

Pages 134 - 146

https://doi.org/10.1145/938985.939000

Published: 14 September 2003 Publication History

Abstract

This paper presents the expected transmission count metric (ETX), which finds high-throughput paths on multi-hop wireless networks. ETX minimizes the expected total number of packet transmissions (including retransmissions) required to successfully deliver a packet to the ultimate destination. The ETX metric incorporates the effects of link loss ratios, asymmetry in the loss ratios between the two directions of each link, and interference among the successive links of a path. In contrast, the minimum hop-count metric chooses arbitrarily among the different paths of the same minimum length, regardless of the often large differences in throughput among those paths, and ignoring the possibility that a longer path might offer higher throughput.This paper describes the design and implementation of ETX as a metric for the DSDV and DSR routing protocols, as well as modifications to DSDV and DSR which allow them to use ETX. Measurements taken from a 29-node 802.11b test-bed demonstrate the poor performance of minimum hop-count, illustrate the causes of that poor performance, and confirm that ETX improves performance. For long paths the throughput improvement is often a factor of two or more, suggesting that ETX will become more useful as networks grow larger and paths become longer.

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Cited By

Almutairi HZhang N(2024)A Survey on Routing Solutions for Low-Power and Lossy Networks: Toward a Reliable Path-Finding ApproachNetwork10.3390/network40100014:1(1-32)Online publication date: 15-Jan-2024
https://doi.org/10.3390/network4010001
Ivanov VTereshonok M(2024)Cross-Layer Methods for Ad Hoc Networks—Review and ClassificationFuture Internet10.3390/fi1601002916:1(29)Online publication date: 16-Jan-2024
https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16010029
Shi SLing NJiang ZHuang XHe YZhao XYang BBian CXia JYan ZYeung RXing GGanesan DShi W(2024)Soar: Design and Deployment of A Smart Roadside Infrastructure System for Autonomous DrivingProceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking10.1145/3636534.3649352(139-154)Online publication date: 29-May-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3636534.3649352
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Index Terms

A high-throughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing
1. Networks
  1. Network protocols
    1. Network layer protocols
      1. Routing protocols
  2. Network types
    1. Mobile networks
    2. Wireless access networks

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Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

MobiCom '03: Proceedings of the 9th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking

September 2003

376 pages

ISBN:1581137532

DOI:10.1145/938985

Conference Chair:
David B. Johnson
Rice University
,
Program Chairs:
Anthony D. Joseph
University of California, Berkeley
,
Nitin H. Vaidya
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Copyright © 2003 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Published: 14 September 2003

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MobiCom03

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MobiCom03: Ninth Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking

September 14 - 19, 2003

CA, San Diego, USA

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MobiCom '03 Paper Acceptance Rate 27 of 281 submissions, 10%;

Overall Acceptance Rate 440 of 2,972 submissions, 15%

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Cited By

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https://doi.org/10.3390/network4010001
Ivanov VTereshonok M(2024)Cross-Layer Methods for Ad Hoc Networks—Review and ClassificationFuture Internet10.3390/fi1601002916:1(29)Online publication date: 16-Jan-2024
https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16010029
Shi SLing NJiang ZHuang XHe YZhao XYang BBian CXia JYan ZYeung RXing GGanesan DShi W(2024)Soar: Design and Deployment of A Smart Roadside Infrastructure System for Autonomous DrivingProceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking10.1145/3636534.3649352(139-154)Online publication date: 29-May-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3636534.3649352
Kirov DNuzzo PSangiovanni-Vincentelli APasserone R(2024)Efficient Encodings for Scalable Exploration of Cyber-Physical System ArchitecturesIEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems10.1109/TCAD.2023.330671743:1(30-43)Online publication date: Jan-2024
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Krentz KVoigt T(2024)Secure opportunistic routing in 2-hop IEEE 802.15.4 networks with SMORComputer Communications10.1016/j.comcom.2024.01.024217:C(57-69)Online publication date: 25-Jun-2024
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Wang XZhou WHawbani ALiu PZhao LAlsamhi S(2023)A Dynamic Opportunistic Routing Protocol for Asynchronous Duty-Cycled WSNsIEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing10.1109/TSUSC.2023.32372208:3(314-327)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2023
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Matyokubov UMuradov M(2023)Comparison of Routing Methods in Wireless Sensor Networks2023 IEEE XVI International Scientific and Technical Conference Actual Problems of Electronic Instrument Engineering (APEIE)10.1109/APEIE59731.2023.10347799(1780-1784)Online publication date: 10-Nov-2023
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López Escobar JRicardo MCampos RGil-Castiñeira FDíaz Redondo R(2023)Resource allocation for dataflow applications in FANETs using anypath routingInternet of Things10.1016/j.iot.2023.10076122(100761)Online publication date: Jul-2023
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